table of contents
| SS(8) | System Manager's Manual | SS(8) |
NAME¶
ss - another utility to investigate sockets
SYNOPSIS¶
ss [options] [ FILTER ]
DESCRIPTION¶
ss is used to dump socket statistics. It allows showing information similar to netstat. It can display more TCP and state informations than other tools.
OPTIONS¶
When no option is used ss displays a list of open non-listening TCP sockets that have established connection.
These programs follow the usual GNU command line syntax, with long options starting with two dashes (`-'). A summary of options is included below.
- -h, --help
- Show summary of options.
- -V, --version
- Output version information.
- -n, --numeric
- Do now try to resolve service names.
- -r, --resolve
- Try to resolve numeric address/ports.
- -a, --all
- Display both listening and non-listening (for TCP this means established connections) sockets.
- -l, --listening
- Display only listening sockets (these are omitted by default).
- -o, --options
- Show timer information.
- -e, --extended
- Show detailed socket information
- -m, --memory
- Show socket memory usage.
- -p, --processes
- Show process using socket.
- -i, --info
- Show internal TCP information.
- -s, --summary
- Print summary statistics. This option does not parse socket lists obtaining summary from various sources. It is useful when amount of sockets is so huge that parsing /proc/net/tcp is painful.
- -4, --ipv4
- Display only IP version 4 sockets (alias for -f inet).
- -6, --ipv6
- Display only IP version 6 sockets (alias for -f inet6).
- -0, --packet
- Display PACKET sockets (alias for -f link).
- -t, --tcp
- Display TCP sockets.
- -u, --udp
- Display UDP sockets.
- -d, --dccp
- Display DCCP sockets.
- -w, --raw
- Display RAW sockets.
- -x, --unix
- Display Unix domain sockets (alias for -f unix).
- -f FAMILY, --family=FAMILY
- Display sockets of type FAMILY. Currently the following families are supported: unix, inet, inet6, link, netlink.
- -A QUERY, --query=QUERY, --socket=QUERY
- List of socket tables to dump, separated by commas. The following identifiers are understood: all, inet, tcp, udp, raw, unix, packet, netlink, unix_dgram, unix_stream, packet_raw, packet_dgram.
- -D FILE, --diag=FILE
- Do not display anything, just dump raw information about TCP sockets to FILE after applying filters. If FILE is - stdout is used.
- -F FILE, --filter=FILE
- Read filter information from FILE. Each line of FILE is interpreted like single command line option. If FILE is - stdin is used.
- FILTER := [ state TCP-STATE ] [ EXPRESSION ]
- Please take a look at the official documentation (Debian package iproute-doc) for details regarding filters.
USAGE EXAMPLES¶
- ss -t -a
- Display all TCP sockets.
- ss -u -a
- Display all UDP sockets.
- ss -o state established '( dport = :ssh or sport = :ssh )'
- Display all established ssh connections.
- ss -x src /tmp/.X11-unix/*
- Find all local processes connected to X server.
- ss -o state fin-wait-1 '( sport = :http or sport = :https )' dst 193.233.7/24
- List all the tcp sockets in state FIN-WAIT-1 for our apache to network 193.233.7/24 and look at their timers.
SEE ALSO¶
ip(8), /usr/share/doc/iproute-doc-2.6.32/ss.ps (package iproute-doc)
AUTHOR¶
ss was written by Alexey Kuznetosv, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>.
This manual page was written by Michael Prokop <mika@grml.org> for the Debian project (but may be used by others).