| VERIFY(8) | System Manager's Manual | VERIFY(8) |
NAME¶
verify - Postfix address verification server
SYNOPSIS¶
verify [generic Postfix daemon options]
DESCRIPTION¶
The verify(8) address verification server maintains a record of what recipient addresses are known to be deliverable or undeliverable.
Addresses are verified by injecting probe messages into the Postfix queue. Probe messages are run through all the routing and rewriting machinery except for final delivery, and are discarded rather than being deferred or bounced.
Address verification relies on the answer from the nearest MTA for the specified address, and will therefore not detect all undeliverable addresses.
The verify(8) server is designed to run under control by the Postfix master server. It maintains an optional persistent database. To avoid being interrupted by "postfix stop" in the middle of a database update, the process runs in a separate process group.
The verify(8) server implements the following requests:
- update address status text
- Update the status and text of the specified address.
- query address
- Look up the status and text for the specified address. If the status is unknown, a probe is sent and an "in progress" status is returned.
SECURITY¶
The address verification server is not security-sensitive. It does not talk to the network, and it does not talk to local users. The verify server can run chrooted at fixed low privilege.
The address verification server can be coerced to store unlimited amounts of garbage. Limiting the cache size trades one problem (disk space exhaustion) for another one (poor response time to client requests).
With Postfix version 2.5 and later, the verify(8) server no longer uses root privileges when opening the address_verify_map cache file. The file should now be stored under the Postfix-owned data_directory. As a migration aid, an attempt to open a cache file under a non-Postfix directory is redirected to the Postfix-owned data_directory, and a warning is logged.
DIAGNOSTICS¶
Problems and transactions are logged to syslogd(8).
BUGS¶
The address verification service is suitable only for sites that handle a low mail volume. Verification probes add additional traffic to the mail queue and perform poorly under high load. Servers may blacklist sites that probe excessively, or that probe excessively for non-existent recipient addresses.
If the persistent database ever gets corrupted then the world comes to an end and human intervention is needed. This violates a basic Postfix principle.
CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS¶
Changes to main.cf are not picked up automatically, as verify(8) processes are persistent. Use the command "postfix reload" after a configuration change.
The text below provides only a parameter summary. See postconf(5) for more details including examples.
CACHE CONTROLS¶
- address_verify_map (empty)
- Optional lookup table for persistent address verification status storage.
- address_verify_sender ($double_bounce_sender)
- The sender address to use in address verification probes; prior to Postfix 2.5 the default was "postmaster".
- address_verify_positive_expire_time (31d)
- The time after which a successful probe expires from the address verification cache.
- address_verify_positive_refresh_time (7d)
- The time after which a successful address verification probe needs to be refreshed.
- address_verify_negative_cache (yes)
- Enable caching of failed address verification probe results.
- address_verify_negative_expire_time (3d)
- The time after which a failed probe expires from the address verification cache.
- address_verify_negative_refresh_time (3h)
- The time after which a failed address verification probe needs to be refreshed.
PROBE MESSAGE ROUTING CONTROLS¶
By default, probe messages are delivered via the same route as regular messages. The following parameters can be used to override specific message routing mechanisms.
- address_verify_relayhost ($relayhost)
- Overrides the relayhost parameter setting for address verification probes.
- address_verify_transport_maps ($transport_maps)
- Overrides the transport_maps parameter setting for address verification probes.
- address_verify_local_transport ($local_transport)
- Overrides the local_transport parameter setting for address verification probes.
- address_verify_virtual_transport ($virtual_transport)
- Overrides the virtual_transport parameter setting for address verification probes.
- address_verify_relay_transport ($relay_transport)
- Overrides the relay_transport parameter setting for address verification probes.
- address_verify_default_transport ($default_transport)
- Overrides the default_transport parameter setting for address verification probes.
MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS¶
- config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
- The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf configuration files.
- daemon_timeout (18000s)
- How much time a Postfix daemon process may take to handle a request before it is terminated by a built-in watchdog timer.
- ipc_timeout (3600s)
- The time limit for sending or receiving information over an internal communication channel.
- process_id (read-only)
- The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process.
- process_name (read-only)
- The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process.
- queue_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
- The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.
- syslog_facility (mail)
- The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
- syslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output)
- The mail system name that is prepended to the process name in syslog records, so that "smtpd" becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd".
SEE ALSO¶
smtpd(8), Postfix SMTP server cleanup(8), enqueue Postfix message postconf(5), configuration parameters syslogd(5), system logging
README FILES¶
Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to locate this information.
ADDRESS_VERIFICATION_README, address verification howto
LICENSE¶
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
HISTORY¶
This service was introduced with Postfix version 2.1.
AUTHOR(S)¶
Wietse Venema IBM T.J. Watson Research P.O. Box 704 Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA