PROLOG¶

This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.

NAME¶

msgsnd - XSI message send operation

SYNOPSIS¶

#include <sys/msg.h>

int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);

DESCRIPTION¶

The msgsnd() function operates on XSI message queues (see the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 3.224, Message Queue). It is unspecified whether this function interoperates with the realtime interprocess communication facilities defined in Realtime .

The msgsnd() function shall send a message to the queue associated with the message queue identifier specified by msqid.

The application shall ensure that the argument msgp points to a user-defined buffer that contains first a field of type long specifying the type of the message, and then a data portion that holds the data bytes of the message. The structure below is an example of what this user-defined buffer might look like:

struct mymsg {


    long   mtype;       /* Message type. */


    char   mtext[1];    /* Message text. */
}

The structure member mtype is a non-zero positive type long that can be used by the receiving process for message selection.

The structure member mtext is any text of length msgsz bytes. The argument msgsz can range from 0 to a system-imposed maximum.

The argument msgflg specifies the action to be taken if one or more of the following is true:

*

The number of bytes already on the queue is equal to msg_qbytes; see <sys/msg.h>.

*

The total number of messages on all queues system-wide is equal to the system-imposed limit.

These actions are as follows:

*

If (msgflg & IPC_NOWAIT) is non-zero, the message shall not be sent and the calling thread shall return immediately.

*

If (msgflg & IPC_NOWAIT) is 0, the calling thread shall suspend execution until one of the following occurs:

Upon successful completion, the following actions are taken with respect to the data structure associated with msqid; see <sys/msg.h>:

*

msg_qnum shall be incremented by 1.

*

msg_lspid shall be set equal to the process ID of the calling process.

*

msg_stime shall be set equal to the current time.

RETURN VALUE¶

Upon successful completion, msgsnd() shall return 0; otherwise, no message shall be sent, msgsnd() shall return -1, and errno shall be set to indicate the error.

ERRORS¶

The msgsnd() function shall fail if:

EACCES

Operation permission is denied to the calling process; see XSI Interprocess Communication .

EAGAIN

The message cannot be sent for one of the reasons cited above and (msgflg & IPC_NOWAIT) is non-zero.

EIDRM

The message queue identifier msqid is removed from the system.

EINTR

The msgsnd() function was interrupted by a signal.

EINVAL

The value of msqid is not a valid message queue identifier, or the value of mtype is less than 1; or the value of msgsz is less than 0 or greater than the system-imposed limit.

The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES¶

#include <sys/msg.h>
...
int result;
int msqid;
struct message {


    long type;


    char text[20];
} msg;

msg.type = 1;
strcpy(msg.text, "This is message 1");
...
result = msgsnd(msqid, (void *) &msg, sizeof(msg.text), IPC_NOWAIT);

APPLICATION USAGE¶

The POSIX Realtime Extension defines alternative interfaces for interprocess communication (IPC). Application developers who need to use IPC should design their applications so that modules using the IPC routines described in XSI Interprocess Communication can be easily modified to use the alternative interfaces.

RATIONALE¶

None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS¶

None.

SEE ALSO¶

XSI Interprocess Communication, Realtime, mq_close(), mq_getattr(), mq_notify(), mq_open(), mq_receive(), mq_send(), mq_setattr(), mq_unlink(), msgctl(), msgget(), msgrcv(), sigaction(), the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <sys/msg.h>

COPYRIGHT¶

Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .